Improvement in windlass



` Figure 2,a planof the-same.` I s 1 'Gis' a' large pulley, "theshaft Vof ,whichisf to uoustitute the windlass`; 4'itmay be made parallel orco'nical, v

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` `Laim Panama. 1o5,6s2 ,amz July 26,1870.

IMPaoyfnvmrrry 1N WINDLAss."

The Egcheule referred'tdin these Letters 'Patent .making ofthe same.

`I, ALQNz'o,-H1ToHoooK, of` the city and State of New` York, haveinvented certaiulniprovemeuts in l Mu'ltiplymg Power in WindingMachinesas in cap-v stans` or hoistingmachines audipress'es. j

I The Anaimrezof:.my'inventouconsistsinftlie use of wheels,pnlleys, orrollers,wheuithe peripheriesof three. or more 'of theml are brou'ght into contact and held :there bythe weight to herased orwork to `bedone, fthe center rshaftjo'r. pulley vbeing'the motor, which dis- Atributes itsv powerequally to the surrounding pulleys or wheels byV means `ofgtraction,'ictiom'or adhesion.

Figuresliand '6 show ditferentmodes `ofapplyiug the power. 1

k 8,: @LandiV 10 show the different modes of constluctingthe diiferentparts.4

Figlshows "one .combination 4for `a capstanor` lhoistingdnachine;withthe front'part ofthe frame- .work left olf, the latter to showtheapplicatiou of the principle, B Bb'eing 'outlinesof the iframe. l

or carry adrumorbarrel of any desired'form, forthe purposes named. jl .v j' .j

'Dis an auxiliary pulley` or wl1eel,' which may be of much less'sizefor convenience and-saving space.

y is a small pulley or shaft, .placed between andl .inf

contact with vthe peripheries of U and' D, on opposite sides. l V V Vshow 'more operation of the parts;

fully the Vicombination andN l nath starte aude, in this .Pitman-ies two pulleys, l -whleyisaplainparallelshaft.

l .To lift an anchor by the cablec c, the journal-boxes of z are flrmly fixed to the frame or truss B; but lthe jourhabboxes of y'and xareallowed freedom enough l to allow theperipheries of 0 C to be pressed up against theshaft y, which in turn is pressed against D D. It is manifest here that y'is now being firmly. clamped and pressed between the peripheries of C and D, in direct proportion to the weight `or powerlexerted on the cable c. '.-At the same time there islno thrust or'pull on the journals of y, consequently there is no friction on these journals; and as there isno disposition todisplace or spring the shafty, it enables me to use a very small l 'shaft as a driver in proportion to the diameter of 0,' the .,diiver; "nor is there any friction on the journals of a: if

ftheresistance is parallel tothe axis of the three shafts :c3/'2, always exceptingvtheweight of said shafts and gearingJfy 4.

To lift agweightg-,by .winding up' the cable around theshaft\:z`:,`the` crank j; or other mechanical .means :attached to `'shaft-y, may `betnrned from` left to Vright, as vindicated by the arrow and dotted line in lig. 11;and'as'the'resistanceou opposite sides lof y is equal,.by reason of the strain or load on the cable c, it follows that y becomes the driving power, distributing its power ,equally between the main .driver-pulley o r Wheel C audits co-operative pulley or wheels D by means of traction or adhesion onl their respective sur? faces, produced bythe strain exerted by the cablec.` Inv this combination the whole load is thrown onto the pulleys D and shaft z, and as all the rubbing or sliding friction isv transferred tothetwo journals of z, itv may be..1 "elievedby.` the ordinary arrangement of anti-v friction pulleys around the journals; but I prefer'the use of largeantiefrictiou pulleys, placed against the.

peripheries-of D, in a line with 0, Aas ,shown ato, figs. l, 2, 3, and 6. In extreme cases,wheu the load is very heavy, theselarge anti-friction'pulleys vwill be' ,very useful, as they enable' me to reduce the size and weight of -the shaftz and transferia portion of the friction from the journals of z to thefjournals ofc.

This principle maybe adopted'when it would be impractical to use the' anti-friction rollers lround the journals; l

There is another wayof adjusting'theeable in this winding-machine that Ytransfers all, or mostly all, the load andfriction to the shaft of the main drivingshaft x. The cable s s shows such a combination on the 'same figures, 1 and 2.

.Starting from the slack end h', the cable s makes several round turns around the'shaft x', when itpasses' l v under or over shaft y and makesa half turn, or'it may be'a round turn, around z, and then backto s', in the direction st aited from; but 1 prefer to turn the cable' around z, over a grooved pulley, In, that is allowed to l run' loosely and'traverse laterally onthe shaft z to ac-f Fig. 6 shows a combination when ythe driving-pub leys or wheels are on the middle ofthe shafts and two 'cables are attached to the out ends ofeith'er shaft. This ,combination is suitable for cottonfpresses, winepresses, or analogous Work.

The power. of this winding-machine to do work depends mainlyron the dilference of diameters of the driver y andthe driver-pulley or Wheel O, and'my.in` 1 vention enables me to. makea greater difference in these diameters than has vheretofore been done practi, cally,

. or may not be so corrugatec ,l tem of vhollows and ro'unds, which would be equivalent, may be used. Figs. 5 and 8 show these plans lvery'much exaggerated. But I prefer the design shown in iigs. 3 and 7, where spurs are put into the driver y I am aware that it.is common to distribute the power fromY the opposite sides of the driver 'in ordinary cogged gearing,`each Wheel and pinion made ,to turn on ixed center-ss, to correspond to the pitch-line of thecogs. In this gearing the power ofthe machine depends on the strength of each individual cog, and as there are certain proportions to be maintained between the diameters of the Wheel and pinion, in order to avoid too much rubbing friction and secure the requisite strength, it is of vnecessity limited in its multiplications of revolutions and power. v

My invention differs from this, inasmuch asIdispensewith fixed centers or axle-boxes, except in one shaft, which is to receive the load, the rest being adjustable,fand having no cog gearing to be held on a pitch-line. AI am not limited to any proportions, excepting that the shaftky shall not be so small as to twist by torsion in performing its Work,v

So far I have only described pulleys, wheels, or shafts, with plain parallel surfaces, rolling together. But I am aware that, in some cases, the strain may be thrown on so sudden asto cause a slip on the surfaces, or the machine may be overloaded, which would produce'like results. I therefore, in certain cases, propose to corrngate the peripheries of the pulley nr Wheel C with corresponding corrugations in y, the driver. The cri-operating wheels or pulleysD/may .A very short, round cog-gear, that is made to bottom, so that the bearings will be continuous, or a sysand mesh into holes Vor mortises t t, inthe periphery of the driver-pulley O. These spurs are not designed to do constant work, but to prevent accidents in case of slipping, though it is evident that small cogs may be used in combination with my principle of traction to a great advantage.

vFig. 9 shows twoco-operating pulleys, D D', resting against -the driver y. Ordinary greoved frictiongearing, as shown in fig.- 10, may be used on the same principle.

For very light working machines, very light corrugations or milling of the driving-shaft y will Ahe all that wouldbe required to prevent any slipping when the power is irregular.

C laz'ms.

I claim- 1. The'use of a driving-shaft, pulley or pulleys, wheel or wheels, when said driver is' made to distri- -bute its power equally to the main driving-pulley or pulleys, wheel or wheels, and to co-operating pulley or pulleys, wheel or wheels, plaeed'opposite the main driving-wheell or pulleys or surrounding the drivingshaft, when the peripheries ofthe driving-pulleys orv wheels are all concentrated around and" against the driver and heldthere, thereby producing a drivingpower by means of traction, adhesion, or friction, by

Witnesses:

GEORGE Asnron'rn, DANIEL HIGBIE. 

